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A basic introduction to the bucket shaft and bushing of excavators

I. Bucket Shaft

Function and structure ‌

The bucket shaft is the core transmission component that connects the bucket arm and the bucket of an excavator, responsible for transmitting power and withstanding high-load impacts ‌.

The standard size varies by model. For example, the bucket shaft of the modern 215VS is 70×320 mm, while the outer diameter of the bucket shaft of the 200 excavator is usually 200 mm, the inner diameter ranges from 55 to 215 mm, and the length is approximately 750 mm ‌.

Material and workmanship ‌

The mainstream materials are high-strength alloy steels (such as 40Cr, 42CrMo) or carbon steels (such as 45# steel), and their wear resistance and fatigue resistance are enhanced through heat treatment ‌.

Some bucket shafts are made of ductile iron (ADI) to enhance vibration absorption ‌.

Ii. Bushings

Core Function ‌

Reduce wear ‌ : The bushing is installed between the shaft and the hole to prevent direct metal contact and extend the service life of the components ‌.

Sealing and shock absorption ‌ : preventing leakage in valves or hydraulic systems, reducing noise and vibration in suspension systems ‌.

Common types and materials ‌

Metal bushings ‌ : such as bronze and wear-resistant steel, should be used in conjunction with lubrication ‌.

Non-metallic bushings ‌ : such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), rubber or composite layer bushings (steel base + bronze powder +PTFE), suitable for oil-free or extreme environments ‌.

Maintenance points ‌

Regular oiling (such as grease) can extend the service life of the bushing. If the lubrication fails, it will cause the bushing to wear out and fail ‌.

Iii. Typical Application Scenarios

Bucket shaft ‌ : It is suitable for connecting components such as buckets and soil looseners. The material should be selected based on the load (for example, alloy steel is recommended for mining conditions) ‌.

Bushings ‌ : Widely used in industrial valves, automotive suspension systems and connecting rod parts of excavators, they can replace rolling bearings in low-speed and high-load scenarios to reduce costs ‌.

Note: The actual selection should be comprehensively evaluated in combination with the working conditions (such as load, environmental corrosiveness) and maintenance conditions.